Stuctural & geometric isomers

Structural isomers are molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements.

2,2-dimethylbutane2,3-dimethylbutane3-methylpentanehexane2-methylpentane
Structural isomers of the alkane C6H14

Gemoetric isomers, also called cis–trans isomers, apply only to alkenes with one double bond. The double bond is fixed between two carbon atoms—it can’t rotate like single bonds can. The cis isomer has the larger groups on the same side; the trans isomer has the larger groups on opposite sides.

CH3CCH3HHCcisCHCH3HH3CCtrans
Geometric isomers of 2-butene: cis-2-butene and trans-2-butene